Ke koho ʻana i kelepona paʻa lima, nui ka poʻe e hoʻonohonoho iā lākou iho ma hope o ka hana, hōʻike a me ka hiki ke mālama ʻia paha e like me nā mea paʻi kiʻi. Loaʻa pinepine nā smartphones o kēia lā i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka mea hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo o nā ʻāpana kino, hana pinepine lākou me ka lako polokalamu.
I kēia lā e hoʻāʻo mākou e pane i nā nīnau e like me: He mea nui ka nui o nā megapixels i nā smartphones a pehea e hoʻoholo ai i ka wā e kūʻai ai i kahi kelepona ma ke ʻano o ka hiki ke kiʻi?
He mea nui anei nā megapixels?
Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia he nui nā mea hana kelepona e pili ana i kēia waiwai ma ke ʻano o ke kālepa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka helu o nā megapixels wale nō ka hōʻailona e hoʻoholo ai i ka hiki ke kiʻi kiʻi o ke kāmela i kā mākou mau polokalamu?
Photogallery
ʻAʻole ka pane, ʻo ka helu o nā megapixels ʻaʻole wale ke kumu e noʻonoʻo ai i ke kūʻai ʻana i kelepona. ʻOiai he mea koʻikoʻi ia, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu i ke kāmela e pili pū i ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi i hopena. I ka hopena, e iho mai i ka interplay o ka lako polokalamu, lako polokalamu, a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi i kāu mau makemake pilikino.
Aperture
Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke kiʻi kiʻi, ʻo ka mea nui ka māmā. Hoʻohana mua nā kāmela ʻoihana i ka aperture, ʻo ia ka nui o ka wehe ʻana o ka lens, e hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka mālamalama i loaʻa iā lākou, ʻoiai ʻo ka manawa hōʻike a i ʻole nā hoʻonohonoho ISO e pili pū i ka nui o ke kukui e komo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā smartphones ka nani o kahi aperture hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, ʻoiai aia nā ʻokoʻa. ʻO Samsung, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻokuʻu i kekahi mau kelepona hae me ka aperture variable i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, a ua loaʻa iā Huawei kahi hiʻohiʻona Mate 50 i lako pū me kēia. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hapa nui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole makemake nā mea hana e nalowale i ka nui o ka nui o ka lako polokalamu a i ʻole e hoʻolimalima nui e kau i kahi pale i kā lākou kelepona. Hiki ke hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻia nā hopena optical e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aperture ma o ka lako polokalamu. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo e haʻalele loa mākou i kēia ʻāpana. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka aperture, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka mea ʻike kamera e hiki ke hana me ka mea makemake. Ana ʻia ka puka ma nā helu f, me ka helu liʻiliʻi e like me ka puka nui.
Photogallery
Ka lōʻihi a me ka leki
ʻO kekahi mea koʻikoʻi ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kiko. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā hou ʻana i ka hoʻonā no ka pahu pahu kuʻuna. Maʻaneʻi, hele ka mālamalama i kahi lens, kahi e nānāʻia ai i kahi kiko'ī a laila hopuʻia e ka meaʻike. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kiko, i ana ʻia i nā millimeters, no laila ka mamao ma waena o ka mea ʻike a me ke kiko kahi e hui ai ke kukui. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka laulā o ka ʻike, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lōʻihi o ke alo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻi paʻi kiʻi ma kahi o 4 mm, akā ʻaʻohe manaʻo o kēia helu mai kahi kiʻi kiʻi. Akā, hāʻawi ʻia kēia kiʻi i ka like 35mm, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai e hoʻokō i ke kihi like o ka nānā ʻana ma kahi pahu pahu piha piha.
Photogallery
ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka helu haʻahaʻa, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā smartphones i kēia lā he hoʻokahi pahu kiʻi ākea ākea me ka lōʻihi pōkole no ka mea makemake nā mea hoʻohana e hopu i kahi ākea e like me ka hiki i kā lākou mau kiʻi. E mahalo pū ʻoe i kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa inoa ai, no ka laʻana. Me ka lens kihi ākea, e hopu ʻoe i kahi ākea a ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kiʻi pinepine i nā mea pono e like me nā lāʻau selfie, nā mea paʻa like ʻole, a me nā mea like.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka lens no ka lōʻihi o ke kāmela. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau mea a me kahi lens pale, ʻoiai ʻo kāna hana ʻo ke kūlou a nānā pono i ka mālamalama i ka ʻike kiʻi.
Aia kekahi pilikia ma ʻaneʻi ma muli o ka piʻo ʻana o nā kukui spectrum waihoʻoluʻu ma nā ʻano like ʻole no ka mea he ʻokoʻa kona lōʻihi nalu. ʻO ka hopena o kēia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā distortions a me nā aberrations, kahi e hana ai nā mea hana kelepona i nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka hāmeʻa ponoʻī a me nā polokalamu. ʻAʻohe lens i kūpono, a palua kēia no nā polokalamu kelepona, ʻoiai ke hana nei mākou me nā ana liʻiliʻi loa ma aneʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ke hana maikaʻi nei kekahi mau lens kelepona paʻa i kēia manawa.
Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoihoi
He paʻakikī loa ka physics o ka distortion a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ʻo ia ke kumu i makemake ʻole ai nā mea hana kelepona e hoʻolaha. informace e pili ana i kāna mau lens me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koho, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kēia ʻano e hoʻāʻo mua i nā hiki o ke kāmela a laila e hoʻoholo inā kūpono ka hopena i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe.
ʻIkepili
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka sensor o ka lako kamepiula e hoʻololi i ka ʻikepili optical maka i ka ʻikepili uila informace. Ua uhi ʻia kona ʻili me nā miliona o nā photocells pākahi e hana ana ma muli o ka ikaika o ka mālamalama i loaʻa.
ʻOi aku ka nui o kēlā me kēia cell, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana i ka mālamalama a hiki ke hana hou i nā waiwai pono, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā kūlana haʻahaʻa. Ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka sensor ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hapa nui o nā hihia, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka nui o nā pika o ka sensor a i ʻole ka nui o kahi pika hoʻokahi e pāʻani pū kekahi.
Nā kala
He mea nui ka hoʻolilo kala maoli no kēlā me kēia mea paʻi kiʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana kala no ka loaʻa ʻana iā lākou, ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka uliuli. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana kiʻi e pili ana i kēia mau kala i nā waiwai olino o kēlā me kēia kiʻi kiʻi informace e pili ana i kā lākou hoʻonohonoho, e lawelawe ana iā ia e hana i ke kiʻi hopena. Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā kelepona i kahi kānana kala i kapa ʻia ʻo Bayer, nona ka 50% ʻōmaʻomaʻo, 25% ʻulaʻula a me 25% uliuli (RGGB), ke kumu o ka predominance o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana o ka maka o ke kanaka i kēia kala ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ua hoʻokolohua nā mea hana like ʻole me nā ʻano kānana ʻē aʻe a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻololi iā lākou, e hopohopo nei, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka hui Huawei, nāna i hoʻololi i ka kānana Bayer maʻamau me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka melemele i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka naʻau, ka mea i lawe mai i nā hopena, akā i loko. i kekahi mau kiʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi liʻiliʻi melemele kūlohelohe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi i loaʻa i nā sensor me kahi kānana RGGB no ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā algorithm a lākou e hoʻohana ai a no laila ua ʻoi aku ka makua.
Mea hana kiʻi
ʻO ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi hope loa o nā lako paʻi kiʻi o ka atamai, ʻo ia ka mea hana kiʻi. ʻO ka mea hope, e like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, e mālama i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻike i loaʻa mai ka sensor me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lens. Hoʻohana nā mea hana like ʻole i nā hoʻonā ʻokoʻa a me nā ala e pili ana i kēia kuhikuhi, no laila ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha e ʻokoʻa ke kiʻi like RAW mai kahi kelepona Samsung, Huawei, Pixel a i ʻole iPhone, ʻaʻohe ala ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kekahi. Makemake kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa HDR o Pixel ma mua o ka ʻoi aku ka conservative a me ke ʻano kūlohelohe i hāʻawi iā ʻoe iPhone.
Photogallery
No laila pehea e pili ana i nā megapixels?
He mea nui anei lakou? ʻAe. Ke kiʻi mākou i nā kiʻi, manaʻo mākou e hopu i kekahi pae o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ma waho aʻe o ka manaʻo noʻeau, makemake ka hapa nui o mākou i kā mākou mau kiʻi e pili kokoke i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e like me ka hiki, i haki ʻia e ka pixelation ʻike ʻia. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka illusion makemake o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono mākou e hoʻokokoke i ka hoʻonā o ka maka kanaka. ʻO ia ma kahi o 720 pixels i kēlā me kēia ʻīniha no ke kanaka me ke olakino maikaʻi a me ka ʻike ʻole ke nānā ʻia mai kahi mamao o 30 cm. No laila, no ka laʻana, inā makemake ʻoe e paʻi i nā kiʻi ma ke ʻano maʻamau 6 × 4, pono ʻoe i kahi hoʻonā o 4 × 320, a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 2 Mpx.
Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoihoi
Akā ke nīnau nei i ka nīnau: Inā kokoke ʻo 12 Mpx i ka palena o ka mea a ke kanaka maʻamau e ʻike ai, no ke aha ʻo Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 200 Mpx? Nui nā kumu, akā ʻo kekahi o ka mea nui loa he ʻenehana i kapa ʻia ʻo pixel binning, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka huinahā o ʻehā ma kahi o hoʻokahi photocell e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike, e hoʻonui pono i kona nui me ka uku o ka hopena kiʻi hoʻonā. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hana i nā photocells nui aʻe, akā ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea liʻiliʻi e hāʻawi i nā pono i hiki ʻole i nā mea ʻike nui ke hoʻohālikelike, e like me nā kiʻi HDR maikaʻi aʻe a me nā mana zoom, he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no nā mea hoʻohana he nui.
Photogallery
No laila he mea nui nā megapixels ma lalo o nā kūlana o kēia manawa, akā pono nō hoʻi e nānā i nā ʻikepili ʻenehana ʻē aʻe o ke kāmela o kāu kelepona e hiki mai ana, e like me nā lako lens, sensor a i ʻole kaʻina hana. I kēia lā, i ka manawa, mahalo i ka pana ʻana i ka format RAW, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kahi liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu o nā polokalamu kilokilo o nā mea hana, hiki ke kiʻi i nā kiʻi me ke kelepona paʻa i kahi pae maikaʻi loa.
